From
Bawd Bree to Partan Bree- a distinctive culinary repertoire awaits
the traveler to Scotland, and those who associate Scottish cooking
with such deadly sounding dishes as haggis and black bun is in
for a pleasant surprise. Blessed with a wealth of natural produce
from its rich land and teeming waters, Scotland has developed
a culinary repertoire of exceptional quality and variety. Partridge,
grouse and pheasant from the rolling moorlands, venison from the
red deer running wild in the mountains, salmon and trout from
Highland rivers, succulent beef from the Aberdeen Angus herds,
shellfish of all kinds - with ingredients like these, only a truly
lamentable cook could fail to come up with a feast.
City
folk tend to look back to bygone days when the streets of the
larger Scottish cities rang to the cries of oyster wives
and vendors of everything from hot peas to Het Pints - a brew
of ale, eggs and whisky flavoured with nutmeg and sold from a
steaming copper kettle. Those were the times when a fish dinner,
including ale and perhaps a dozen oysters, cost little more than
one cigarette does now. As far back as the thirteenth century,
salmon was so plentiful that it was pickled for export to London
to be fed to the poor, and only a hundred years ago servants in
big houses had contracts stipulating that it was to be served
to them no more than three times a week.
But
those are bygone days indeed. The allure of traditional Scottish
fare, however, has carried through to modern times in all but
price. Breakfast and tea have a special place in Scottish cooking,
and the visitor who might think of these meals as something light
has another think coming. It was Dr. Samuel Johnson who wrote:
If an epicure could remove by a wish in quest of sensual
gratification, he would breakfast in Scotland. Oatmeal is
still a staple of the national diet, and certainly most of the
older people start the day with a bowl of porridge - flavoured
with salt, not sugar, please. Then come the soft warm rolls known
as baps, kippered herring from Loch Fyne or smoked haddock (smokies)
from Aberdeen and Arbroath, scones and oatcakes with heather honey,
jams, jellies and marmalade, claimed by Scots as their own invention.
Tea is the occasion for another mammoth spread of cold meats and
eggs, potato scones, crunchy shortbread and such delicacies as
Dundee cake, a fruity concoction strewn with almonds.
An
elaborate dinner or late supper will bring out the match-less
smoked salmon, rich dark venison or feathered game, roast beef
or tender mutton, perhaps lobster from the Firth of Forth. Auld
Alliance, a savoury of creamed cheese laced with whisky and served
with hot buttered toast, can be a superb climax to the meal.
The
visitor who comes across haggis or black bun should not be put
off by the unappetizing names. Haggis consists of the heart, liver
and lights of a sheep, cooked with oatmeal and onions inside its
stomach bag. Hard to believe, but its delicious. Black bun,
also known as Scotch bun, is a tasty cake made with raisins, currants,
almonds, ginger, cinnamon and brandy.
The
names of many Scottish delicacies are nothing if not colourful.
A few examples: Bawd Bree (hare soup), Bubblyjock (roast turkey),
Cock-a-Leekie (chicken and leek soup), Inky-Pinky (beef and carrot
stew), Stovies (sliced potatoes cooked with onions and lamb) and
Melting Moments (biscuits in rolled oats).
One US cup is equivalent to 250 ml or 8 fl. oz.
A level teaspoon equates to 5 ml;
a level dessertspoon equates to 10 ml
and a level tablespoon is equal to 15 ml.
The
U.S. pint is 16 fluid ounces, and not 20 fl.oz like the British
Imperial pint.
1
U.S. cup = 8 fl.oz = 250 ml
1 British cup = 10 fl.oz = 300 ml
The teaspoon and tablespoon measurements are the same.
1 teaspoon = 5 ml
1 tablespoon = 15 ml
1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons